Heo Hwang-ok, also known as Suriratna (or Sriratna),
is a legendary Queen mentioned in Samguk Yusa, a 13th-century Korean
chronicle. According to Samguk Yusa, she became the wife of King Suro of
Geumgwan Gaya at the age of 16, after having arrived by boat from a distant
kingdom called "Ayuta"; making her the first Queen of Geumgwan Gaya.
More than six million present day Koreans, especially from Gimhae Kim, Heo and
Lee clans, trace their lineage to the legendary Queen as the direct
descendants of her 12 children with King Suro. Her native kingdom is believed
to be located in India. There is a tomb in Gimhae, South Korea, that is
believed to be hers, and a memorial in Ayodhya, India.
After their marriage, Heo told King Suro that
she was 16 years old. She stated her given name as "Hwang-ok" ("Yellow Jade",
황옥, 黃玉) and her family name as "Heo" (허, or "Hurh" 許). She described how she
came to Gaya as follows: the Heavenly Lord (Sange Je) appeared in her parents'
dreams. He told them to send Heo to Suro, who had been chosen as the king of
Gaya. The dream showed that the king had not yet found a queen. Heo's father
then told her to go to Suro. After two months of a sea journey, she found
Beondo, a peach which fruited only every 3.000 years.
According to the legend, the courtiers of King Suro had requested him to
select a wife from among the maidens they would bring to the court. However,
Suro stated that his selection of a wife will be commanded by the Heavens. He
commanded Yuch'ŏn-gan to take a horse and a boat to Mangsan-do, an island to
the south of the capital. At Mangsan, Yuch'ŏn saw a vessel with a red sail and
a red flag. He sailed to the vessel, and escorted it to the shores of Kaya (or
Gaya, present-day Gimhae). Another officer, Sin'gwigan went to the palace, and
informed the King of the vessel's arrival. The King sent nine clan chiefs,
asking them to escort the ship's passengers to the royal palace.
Princess Heo stated that she wouldn't accompany the strangers. Accordingly,
the King ordered a tent to be pitched on the slopes of a hill near the palace.
The princess then arrived at the tent with her courtiers and slaves. The
courtiers included Sin Po (or Sin Bo, 신보, 申輔) and Cho Kuang (or Jo Gwang, 조광,
趙匡). Their wives were Mojong (모정, 慕貞) and Moryang (모량, 慕良) respectively. The
twenty slaves carried gold, silver, jewels, silk brocade, and tableware.
Before marrying the king, the princess took off her silk trousers (mentioned
as a skirt in a different section of Samguk Yusa) and offered them to the
mountain spirit. King Suro tells her that he also knew about Heo's arrival in
advance, and therefore, did not marry the maidens recommended by his
courtiers.
When some of the Queen's escorts decided to return home, King Suro gave each
of them thirty rolls of hempen cloth (one roll was of 40 yards). He also gave
each person ten bags of rice for the return voyage. A part of the Queen's
original convoy, including the two courtiers and their wives, stayed back with
her. The queen was given a residence in the inner palace, while the two
courtiers and their wives were given separate residences. The rest of her
convoy were given a guest house of twenty rooms.
Descendants
Queen Heo and Suro had 12 children and the
eldest son was
Geodeung.
She requested Suro to let two of the children bear her maiden surname.
Legendary genealogical records trace the origins of the Gimhae Heo to these
two children. The Gimhae Kims trace their origin to the other eight sons, and
so does the Yi clan of Incheon.
According to the Jilburam, the remaining sons are said to have followed in
their maternal uncle Po-ok's footsteps and devoted themselves to Buddhist
meditation. They were named Hyejin, Gakcho, Jigam, Deonggyeon, Dumu,
Jeongheong and Gyejang. Overall, more than six million Koreans trace their
lineage to Queen Heo.
The remaining two children were daughters who were married respectively to a
son of Talhae and a noble from Silla.
The legend states that the Queen died at the age of 157.
***********
Cut to India, where Huh Hwang-ok was a
princess in 'Ayuta' (Ayodhya?). In Iryon's text, the princess says that she
was 16 years old when she reached Kaya, that her family name was Huh and her
name, Hwang-ok (yellow jade in Korean). The princess narrates the circumstances
leading to her marriage to King Suro thus: "In May this year, my father and
mother said, 'We had a dream last night, in which we saw a God who said, I
have sent down Suro to be king of Kaya. Suro is a holy man, and is not yet
married. So send your daughter to become his queen'. Then he ascended to
heaven. My daughter, bid farewell to your parents and go'."
Other accounts of the text, however, say
that it was Hwang-ok who got the dream.
Pasa stone pagoda at
the bottom of the tomb of Queen Suro
출처 : The Korea Post(http://www.koreapost.com)
What Koreans think about India | Why I love India
인도에 대한 한국인의 생각 | 내가 인도를 사랑하는 이유
Wav
